Heinrich d'Arrest discovered NGC 109 = Au 3 on 8 Oct 1861 with the 11-inch Fraunhofer refractor in Copenhagen (early discovery) and described it (combining two observations) as "vF, vS, R. Forms a quadrilateral with 3 stars." Auwers included it as #3 in his 1862 list of new nebulae.

400/500mm - 17.5" (10/8/88): faint, small, oval ~E-W. Located about 75' SE of the NGC 80 group.

Notes by Steve Gottlieb